Description
The MAX30105 is an integrated optical sensor module designed for particle detection and smoke-sensing applications. It includes internal red, infrared, and green LEDs, photodetectors, optical elements, and low-noise electronics with ambient light rejection in a tiny 5.6mm × 3.3mm × 1.55mm package . Unlike the MAX30102 (optimized for heart rate/SpO2), the MAX30105 was specifically developed for smoke detection in fire alarms and building automation .
The module operates from a 1.8V main supply with a separate 5.0V supply for the LEDs, and communicates via I2C at address 0x57 . Breakout boards typically provide 5V input with onboard 1.8V regulation, making them compatible with 3.3V and 5V microcontrollers . The sensor supports sample rates up to 3200 Hz, configurable LED currents, and a 32-sample FIFO .
Beyond smoke detection, the MAX30105 is versatile enough for proximity sensing, distance measurement (up to ~18 inches), and even pulse oximetry (though the MAX30102 is the preferred part for heart rate applications) . SparkFun notes the module “can sense distance, heart rate, particle detection, and even blinking” .
Critical limitations: This is a raw sensor. Smoke detection requires licensed algorithms from Valor Inc. . Flame detection is not an official specification. The module is not a certified fire alarm and cannot replace UL-listed smoke detectors. It is not recommended for new designs—the MAX30101 is the recommended replacement .
Features
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Integrated Optical Particle Sensing: Red, IR, and green LEDs with photodetectors and ambient light rejection .
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Smoke Detection Optimized: Designed for fire alarm and building automation smoke detection applications .
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Raw Data Output via I2C: Host microcontroller processes signals for particle/smoke detection .
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High Sensitivity: Configurable sensitivity down to 7.81pA .
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Programmable Sample Rate: Up to 3200 Hz for high-speed particle detection .
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32-Sample FIFO: Reduces host polling overhead .
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Ultra-Low Power: 0.7µA shutdown current .
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Compact Breakout: 24.6×14.5mm with M3 mounting holes (varies by supplier) .
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Sensor IC | Analog Devices MAX30105 (not for new designs) |
| LED Wavelengths | Red, IR, and Green (wavelengths not specified in available data) |
| Supply Voltage (IC) | 1.8V main; 5.0V for LEDs |
| Supply Voltage (Module) | 5V typical (breakout with regulation) |
| Current Draw | Low power; 0.7µA standby |
| Output Interface | I2C (address 0x57) |
| ADC Resolution | Up to 18-bit (pulse width dependent) |
| Sampling Rate | Up to 3200 Hz |
| Operating Temperature | -40°C to +85°C |
| Module Size | Approx. 24.6 × 14.5mm (varies) |
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