Description
The Sharp GP2Y0A21YK0F is a medium-range analog infrared distance sensor designed for obstacle detection, proximity sensing, and basic ranging in robotics and automation projects. It uses optical triangulation—an infrared LED emitter and a position-sensitive detector (PSD)—to determine distance to a reflective object, outputting an analog voltage that varies inversely with distance . The sensor operates from a 5V supply and connects directly to any microcontroller ADC, making it a popular choice for Arduino, ESP32, and Raspberry Pi (with external ADC) projects.
This model sits in the middle of Sharp’s analog sensor lineup: shorter-range than the GP2Y0A02 (20–150cm) but longer-range than the GP2Y0A41 (4–30cm). Its 10–80cm detection window suits applications such as robot obstacle avoidance, presence detection, and simple distance thresholding . The sensor includes a pre-attached cable with a JST connector for plug-and-play wiring. Note that the analog output is non-linear—resolution is best at close range and degrades toward the 80cm limit . A 10µF or larger bypass capacitor across VCC and GND is strongly recommended to stabilize the power supply during the sensor’s pulsed LED operation .
Features
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10–80cm Detection Range: Medium-range analog sensing suitable for obstacle avoidance and presence detection in robotics and automation .
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Triangulation Measurement Method: Uses IR LED and PSD for distance measurement that is relatively insensitive to object color and reflectivity compared to simpler sensors .
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Analog Voltage Output: Connects directly to any ADC input; no digital protocol or library is strictly required, though SharpIR libraries simplify conversion .
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Fast Update Rate: 38ms ± 10ms update period enables responsive readings for mobile robots and interactive systems .
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Compact Integrated Package: Combines emitter, detector, and signal processing circuit in a small 29.5 × 13.0 × 13.5mm housing .
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JST Connector with Cable: Pre-attached cable simplifies connection to breadboards and microcontroller headers .
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Wide Supply Compatibility: Operates from 4.5V to 5.5V, with some sources noting a wider 2.5V–7V range for the underlying sensor element .
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Low Weight: Approximately 3.5g, suitable for small robots and drones where payload matters .
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Measuring Distance Range | 10 to 80 cm |
| Operating Supply Voltage | 4.5V to 5.5V DC |
| Average Supply Current | 30mA typical |
| Output Type | Analog voltage |
| Output Voltage (10cm) | Approximately 2.3V–3.1V depending on unit |
| Output Voltage (80cm) | Approximately 0.4V |
| Update Period | 38ms ± 10ms |
| Operating Temperature | -10°C to +60°C (typical for Sharp analog sensors) |
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